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When to plant
fennel in the UK
Sow after midsummer for best bulbs — earlier sowings often bolt. Don't transplant bare-root, it hates root disturbance. Use modules.
Work out your own dates
Starts from the recommended sow date for your area. Sowed on a different day, or planted out late? Adjust below and the harvest moves with it.
Using the UK-average last frost · 15 April · add your postcode to tune it
Growing journey
14 weeks from planting out to harvest · Start indoors 6 weeks before planting out
Get fennel seeds
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What fennel need
Full sun. Well-drained, fertile soil. Regular water.
Spacing
30cm between plants
Give each plant room to spread. Overcrowding reduces yield.
Varieties worth growing
Romanesco
commonThe variety most likely to form those fat, white, anise-scented bulbs. Slower to bolt than others, which matters enormously because fennel loves to bolt. Plant it out after the longest day for the best results.
Shaved fennel salad with orange
Mandoline the bulb paper-thin, toss with orange segments, black olives, a splash of olive oil, and a scatter of fronds. Sicilian sunshine in a bowl. The anise softens against the citrus.
Finale
uncommonBolt-resistant and quick to bulb, which is exactly what you want from fennel. The bulbs are round, white, and have that clean aniseed flavour that works raw or cooked. A modern variety that solves fennel's biggest problem.
Braised fennel with parmesan
Quarter the bulbs, braise in white wine and stock until meltingly tender, scatter with parmesan and breadcrumbs, and grill until golden. The anise mellows into something sweet and gentle.
Bronze Fennel
rareGrown for its feathery, bronze-purple foliage rather than a bulb — because it doesn't form one. Tall, architectural, and the fronds taste wonderfully of aniseed. A herb disguised as a garden ornamental. Bees and hoverflies go mad for the flowers.
Fennel-frond fish
Stuff a whole sea bass with bronze fennel fronds, lemon slices, and garlic. Grill or bake until the skin crisps. The anise-scented steam perfumes the fish from the inside out.
Zefa Fino
commonSwiss-bred for bolt resistance and reliable bulb formation. Round, white bulbs with a clean anise flavour. If you've tried growing fennel before and it bolted before bulbing, this is the one to try next. It actually wants to form a bulb.
Fennel, blood orange, and olive salad
Shave the bulb paper-thin, arrange with blood orange segments and black olives. Dress with olive oil and a pinch of salt. A Sicilian winter salad that brightens everything around it.
Keep apart from
- Tomatoes
- Carrots
When to sow fennel
Based on UK average frost date. Enter your postcode for exact dates, or find your city.
Where to buy fennel seeds
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Get your exact dates
Enter your postcode for personalised planting dates for fennel.